Economists consider utility to be revealed in people's willingness to pay different amounts for different goods. This study adopts the scoping review framework to systematically analyse the main theoretical approaches, ranging from utility as preference to utility as subjective. We show that once we depart from the expected utility framework, it is possible to uniquely identify the utilities and the weights.
This chapter describes expected utility theory, the paradoxes following by its application, and some variations on this theory aimed at solving them. It is assumed that the action of an individual operates under. We also illustrate some extensions of.